Identity theft in a child’s name can go unnoticed until they apply for a loan or an apartment. A free freeze closes that door.

Published October 2026 · Last reviewed: October 18, 2026

Children make attractive targets for identity thieves because nobody checks their credit for years. A credit freeze stops lenders from opening new accounts in your child’s name. Federal law requires the three national credit bureaus to provide freezes for children under 16 at no cost when a parent or guardian asks.

What to know

For a child under 16, a parent or legal guardian makes the request. The bureau creates a record for the child, then freezes it. Teens 16 and older can request their own freeze. A freeze does not affect your child’s existing accounts or future credit score; it only blocks new credit until it is lifted.

What parents can do

1. Gather documents: your child’s birth certificate and Social Security card, your photo ID, and proof of address. Guardians also need the court order or legal document showing their authority.
2. Contact each bureau through its minor-freeze process, online or by mail: Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion.
3. Save each confirmation and PIN in your password manager.
4. Set a reminder to review the freeze when your child is ready to apply for credit, a job, or an apartment.

Signs your child’s identity may already be misused

• Pre-approved credit offers or collection calls addressed to your child
• An IRS notice that your child’s Social Security number was used on another return
• Being told your child already receives government benefits

If you see any of these, follow the recovery steps at IdentityTheft.gov.

Talk about it

• For teens: “Why do you think a stranger would want your Social Security number?”
• “Which websites or forms have asked for your personal information this year?”

Sources and further reading

• FTC: How To Protect Your Child From Identity Theft
• IdentityTheft.gov